Know Your Health

About Kidney Diseases

What is Chronic Kidney Disease?

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a long-term condition in which the kidneys gradually become less able to filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. Because kidney function can decline slowly, some people may not notice symptoms in the early stages.

CKD can develop for different reasons, including diabetes, high blood pressure, kidney infections, and other underlying conditions. Regular checkups and appropriate testing can help identify changes in kidney function early and allow for timely care.

While CKD may not always be reversible, proper treatment and lifestyle management can help slow its progression and support overall well-being. When kidney function becomes severely reduced, treatments such as dialysis may be needed to help perform some of the kidneys’ essential functions.

Illustration of medical staff working with kidney dialysis equipment

Symptoms of Kidney Disease

Extreme tiredness
Nausea and vomiting
Confusion or trouble concentrating
Swelling around hands and ankles
Poor appetite or food may taste metallic
Cramps

Stages of Kidney Diseases

90%
Stage 1
is characterized by mild kidney damage, though its function may still be normal. Kidney function is at about 90%.
89-60%
Stage 2
means that mild loss of kidney function has started. Kidney function is at about 89-60%.
59-45%
Stage 3a
means that there is mild-to-moderate loss of function. Kidney function is at 59-45%.
44-30%
Stage 3b
means that there is moderate-to-severe loss of function. Kidney function is at 44-30%.
29-15%
Stage 4
is characterized by severe loss of kidney function. Kidney function is at about 29-15%.
15%
Stage 5
means kidney failure. Kidney function is now less than 15%.